Journal of Women's Health

Domestic Violence against Women during Pregnancy: The Case of Palestinian Refugees Attending an Antenatal Clinic in Lebanon

To cite this article:
N. Hammoury, M. Khawaja, Z. Mahfoud, R.A. Afifi, and H. Madi. Journal of Women's Health. March 2009, 18(3): 337-345. doi:10.1089/jwh.2007.0740.

Published in Volume: 18 Issue 3: March 12, 2009

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Author information

N. Hammoury, M.S.,¹ M. Khawaja, Ph.D.,^1,² Z. Mahfoud, Ph.D.,¹ R.A. Afifi, Ph.D.,³ and H. Madi, M.D.⁴

¹Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

²Center for Research on Population and Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

³Department of Health Behavior and Education, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

⁴Department of Health, UNRWA Headquarter, Amman, Jordan.

Address reprint requests to:

Dr. M. Khawaja

Centre for Research on Population and Health

American University of Beirut

Bliss Street P.O. Box 11-0236

Beirut

Lebanon
E-mail: mk36@aub.edu.lb

ABSTRACT

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the factors associated with domestic violence against pregnant Palestinian refugee women residing in Lebanon and currently using the United Nation Relief and Work Agency's (UNRWA) primary healthcare services.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a polyclinic of primary healthcare of the UNRWA in South Lebanon during the years 2005–2006. The sample was 351 pregnant women who were 15–42 years of age and not accompanied by their husbands or relatives. All women were invited by the midwife to participate in the study during their visit to the clinic for their first checkup or during a follow-up visit. The Abuse Assessment Screen instrument was used to screen for past and recent history of physical and emotional abuse among the participants.

Results: Domestic violence was significantly associated with education, gestational age, fear of husband or someone else in the house, and unintended pregnancy. The odds of abuse for women with an elementary or lower education were 6.86 (95% CI 1.2-38.1) and for women with an intermediate or secondary education 6.84 (95% CI 1.4-33.3) compared with women with a university education. The odds of abuse during pregnancy for women whose husbands did not desire their pregnancy were 3.80 (95% CI 1.5-9.7) compared with other women.

Conclusions: Domestic violence against women in Lebanon was associated with educational level, gestational age, fear of husband or someone else in the house, and unintended pregnancy.